.http://wiki.keithl.com/NurembergKelley === The Nazi and the Psychiatrist === ==== Herman Göring, Dr. Douglas M. Kelley, and a Fatal Meeting of Minds at the end of WWII ==== ==== 2013 . Cedar Mill . 341.69 El-Hai . 281 pages ==== ----- . 22 Cells in Nuremberg: In the Nazi Mind by Douglas M. Kelley. 17.73 Amazon ----- .p012 . [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Night_of_the_Long_Knives | Roehm Putsch of 1934 ]] .p013 . [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermann_G%C3%B6ring | Hermann Göring ]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carinhall | Carinhall ]] . tame lions, stolen art . survived war because Hitler's execution order was not confirmed in writing .p014 . Göring's "heart medicine" was narcotic [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dihydrocodeine | paracodeine ]] .p015 . 40 pills per day, narcotic effect of 520 mg of morphine (65 mg anesthetizes average person) .p024 . [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Douglas_Kelley | Douglas Kelley ]] wrote "... We must learn the why of the Nazi success so we can take steps to prevent the recurrence of such evil." .p024 . Kelley's mother June !McGlashan, wealthy family near Truckee and Lake Tahoe .p025 . [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truckee_Veterans_Memorial_Building_and_Rocking_Stone_Tower | The Rocking Stone Tower ]] 16 ton balanced boulder .p026 . artifacts of [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donner_Party | 1846-47 Donner Party cannibal winter ]] 48 of 87 survived . Kelley's maternal grandfather [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Fayette_McGlashan | Charles McGlashan ]] wrote [[ https://www.gutenberg.org/files/6077/6077-h/6077-h.htm | History of the Donner Party ]] .p026 . [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewis_Keseberg | Lewis Keseberg ]] survivor .p028 . Kelley's mother June married Truckee dentist George "Doc" Kelley in 1909 .p028 . Son Douglas (book's protagonist) born 1912 August 11 in Truckee, family moved to San Francisco in 1919 .p032 . [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rorschach_test | Rorschach test ]] .p033 . [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Douglas_Kelley | Douglas Kelley ]] and [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruno_Klopfer | Bruno Klopfer ]] wrote [[ https://archive.org/details/rorschachtechniq00klop | The Rorschach Technique ]] in 1942 .p033 . [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Korzybski | Alfred Korzybski ]] [[ https://archive.org/details/sciencesanity0000alfr_l1n3/page/n5/mode/2up | Science and Sanity ]] 1933 [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_semantics | General semantics ]] .p034 . Skilled debater listens carefully to understand compulsions of adversary .p035 . Kelley taught patients to perform magic tricks, claiming theraputic effectiveness .p036 . Kelley used [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amobarbital | sodium amytal ]] "truth serum" on resistant patients .p038 . 1.6M WW1 soldiers psychiatric wounded .p038 . 1,1M WW2 US disabled by psychiatric traumas .p039 . many soldiers were psychopath, psychotic, or mentally defective and should not have been admitted .p050 . Kelley at Nuremberg Prison 1945 .p050 . [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baldur_von_Schirach | Baldur von Schirach ]] 38yo and [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konstantin_von_Neurath | Konstantin von Neurath ]] 72y .p050 . Kelley self-appointed mission to understand Nazi mind .p052 . prisoners emotionally abusived, kept separate .p054 . Allied interrogators questioned prisoners away from their cells . (KL: presumably so other prisoners couldn't hear the interrogations and answers) .p056 . Kelley: Göring complained less and accepted prison routine better than others .p060 . racial superiority? Goering:"nobody believes that rot ... it was good propaganda". .p060 . Kelley concluded "... complete lack of moral value" .p068 . Kelley curious why Nazi leaders did horrible things .p068 . [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cesare_Lombroso | Cesare Lombroso ]] [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthropological_criminology | Anthropological criminology ]] and psychology .p068 . criminals impulsive, immature, affection deprived, lacked restraint, verified by later studies .p069 .[[ https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/1943/03/is-germany-incurable/657229/ | Is Germany Incurable? ]] 1943 book by [[ https://www.nytimes.com/1959/04/27/archives/drrm-brigkbr-psychiatrist-62-professor-of-neurology-at-columbia.html | psychiatrist Richard M. Brickner ]], PSU Basement DD76.B73 . .p071 . Kelley psychiatrically measured Nuremberg "patients", Rorschach etc. .p071 . Nuremberg prison "a psychiatrist's playground" .p074 . Translator [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howard_Triest | Sergeant Howard Triest ]], family members killed in Auschwitz .p075 . Göring most self-centered person in Kelley's experience .p075 . German no-men were killed .p075 . [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hervey_M._Cleckley | Hervey Cleckley ]] [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Mask_of_Sanity | The Mask of Sanity ]] cited .p076 . [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Night_of_the_Long_Knives | Night of the Long Knives ]], Göring had [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_R%C3%B6hm | Röhm ]] killed .p076 . Kelley (unaware?) of psychopath narcissism .p080 . Göring asked Kelley to adopt his daughter [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edda_G%C3%B6ring | Edda ]] if both parents died .p082 . Göring chosen as Hitler's successor because Deputy Führer [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Hess | Rudolf Hess ]] chose drab furniture .p083 . Hess paranoid in prison, feigned amnesia, feared poisoning .p086 . Hess suicide in prison 1987 age 93 .p088 . [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julius_Streicher | Streicher ]] cordial with "perfect Nordic" translator [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howard_Triest | Howard Triest ]] .p092 . Hess read two books a day in prison .p093 . Hitler's physician [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Brandt | Karl Brandt ]] ran [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aktion_T4 | Aktion T4 ]] involuntary euthanasia program, executed 1948 may have given Kelley 1944 X-ray images of Hitler's skull .p099 . [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Ley | Robert Ley ]] suicide in Nuremberg prison 25 October 1945 .p101 . Rudolf Hess: "I do not like to be tried with Göring", returned to [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edgar_Wallace | Edgar Wallace ]] novel .p103 . [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gustave_Gilbert | Gustave Mark Gilbert ]] another psychologist for prisoners .p104 . [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_psychology | social psychology ]], not clinical .p105 . defendant interview notes afterwards in personal diary .p106 . None of the Nazi defendants could actually identify a Jewish person .p108 . neuropathologist [[ https://snaccooperative.org/view/25622690 | Webb Haymaker ]] found degeneration in Ley's brain, second opinion disagreed .p109 . Gilbert labelled Göring smart, cynical, depressed, and depraved but no genius .p110 . banker [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hjalmar_Schacht | Hjalmar Schacht ]] IQ 143 top of group, Göring 138, Hess 120, [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julius_Streicher | Julius Streicher ]] 106 .p111 . Gilbert: IQ ... intellectual efficiency, not character, morals, or personality .p112 . [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans_Fritzsche | Hans Fritzsche ]] propaganda minister .p117 . [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donald_Ewen_Cameron | Donald Ewen Cameron ]] notorious experiments for the CIA .p119 . Hess claimed illness diagnoses from pupil changes .p120 . [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_Kaltenbrunner | Ernst Kaltenbrunner ]] highest ranking SS in prison, suicidal crybaby, [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subarachnoid_hemorrhage | Subarachnoid hemorrhage ]] in prison .p120 . [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subarachnoid_hemorrhage | Subarachnoid hemorrhage ]] in prison .p120 . Kelley took books from a university library, imprisoned authors autographed them .p121 . prosecutor [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_J._Donovan | William Donovan ]] read Kelley's disclosures about prisoner's defense strategies .p121 . [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Jodl | Jodl's ]] defense, duty to follow military orders .p122 . [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans_Frank | Hans Frank ]] accepted guilt pretrial, criticized others who didn't .p123 . weird Göring nattering .p140 . Göring shunned by other prisoners at lunchtime .p140 . called them ''Schweinehund und veraeter'', Pig-dog and traitor .p141 . Kelley not interested in trial outcome, he was there to dissect (prisoner) minds. .p142 . Göring wept when Kelley left the prison .p143 . Kelley replaced by [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leon_Goldensohn | Leon Goldensohn ]] 1946 January who was prison psychiatrist until July 1946 . Leon Goldensohn's book: [[ https://www.amazon.com/Nuremberg-Interviews-Leon-Goldensohne/dp/1400030439 | The Nuremberg Interviews: An American Psychiatrist’s Conversations with the Defendants and Witnesses ]] . Forest Grove Library 341.69 GOL .p146 . Defendants' group solidarity collapsed, Göring maligned other defendants and other staff .p146 . bloodstained Gloucester ... King Lear? .p148 . Göring refused visits and testimony from wife Emmy and other relatives .p149 . [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franz_von_Papen | Franz von Papen ]] .p151 . Göring suicide with hidden ampule of potassium cyanide 1946 October 15 .p153 . Bodies incinerated in [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dachau_concentration_camp | Dachau ]] ovens says book . [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostfriedhof_(Munich) | Ostfriedhof (Munich) ]] according to Wikipedia, which is 20 km from Dachau . ashes dumped in Isar river, which runs through Munich .p156 . Kelley brought home "mountains" of documents and artifacts from Nuremberg .p157 . besides brain-damaged Ley, all top Nazis were capable of distinguishing right from wrong .p158 . Kelley concluded MANY people were potential war criminals .p158 . Hitler exploited existing minds, thinking emotionally, with thalamus, not cortexc .p159 . Göring and colleagues workaholics, long hours, little sleep. .p159 . Göring: Hitler was a normal man .p160 . Hitler fear of stomach cancer and imminent demise led to attack of Soviet Union .p160 . Hitler: "No one but a weakling or a fool ever would commit suicide" .p161 . tremor, weakness of left hand and leg diagnosed as hysterical .p161 . Hitler neurotic and obsessive but not psychotic or mad .p162 . Nazis stidied by Kelley believed they were the course of human evolution .p162 . Kelley: There are people in America who would kill half to control the other half .p163 . Kelley: [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eugene_Talmadge | Eugene Talmadge -1946 ]] and [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_E._Rankin | John E. Rankin -1960 ]] and [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theodore_G._Bilbo | Theodore Bilbo -1947 ]] exploit(ed) racial myths like Hitler .p163 . Americans should scrutinize ... to avoid the sad fate of the Germans .p164 . [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Korzybski | Korzybskian ... think critically ... ]] .p165 . [[ https://www.amazon.com/22-Cells-Nuremberg-Nazi-Mind-ebook/dp/B0GTHY3RR4#averageCustomerReviewsAnchor | 22 Cells in Nuremburg ]] .p165 . Kelley associate professor of psychology at [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wake_Forest_School_of_Medicine | Wake Forest (Bowman Gray) School of Medicine ]] in North Carolina .p165 . [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graylyn#Later_uses | Graylyn ]] 35 bed psychiatric rehabilitation and convalescent center 1947 .p167 . Kelley advocated [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disulfiram | Antabuse (Dosulfiram) ]] .p168 . [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Attu | 1943 recapture of Aleutian islands Attu and Kiska from the Japanese ]] .p168 . [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insulin_shock_therapy | insulin therapy ]] .p170 . Kelley 46 lectures 1947-1949: Nuremberg, horizons in psychiatry, neurology talk to magician's convention .p172 . Nuremberg book finally published in 1947 .p175 . [[ https://www.ovid.com/journals/plbul/abstract/00006823-194709000-00013~22-cells-in-nuremberg | Lewis M. Terman review of 22 cells in Nuremberg]] Psychological Bulletin 44(5):p 483-484, September 1947. .p175 . Kelley received detailed professional comments on Nuremberg Rorschach test results, but never published them .p177 . Kelley's criminology studies risked exposing his deepest fears .p177 . Kelley's narco-hypnotic drugs [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_thiopental | sodium pentothal ]] and [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amobarbital | sodium amytal ]] replaced with [[ https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/243574| Somnoform ]] .gas took effect in 90 seconds and lasted 10 minutes .p178 . Kelley claimed drugs could elicit confessions ... though people can lie .p179 . Berkeley offered Kelley full professorship in criminology fall 1949 .p179 . children Doug 1947, Alicia 1951, Allen 1953. Dukie inherited $400K ($6M in 2026 dollars) .p181 . UCB salary $9K/y, $126K/y in 2026 dollars .p181 . dramatic teacher, course title "The Detection of Deception" .p183 . UCB colleague [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_L._Kirk| Paul L. Kirk ]] .p183 . [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sam_Sheppard | Samuel Sheppard ]] murder conviction 1955, exonerated by US Supreme Court 1966 .p184 . Kelley psychiatric evaluation of candidates for Berkeley police department .p185 . Kelley found a lot of wrong with the human conditionphysician Harry Borson .p187 . Burbank Junior High 1222 University Avenue a few blocks (10 long blocks, 2 miles) from the UC campus . 14yo Stephanie Bryan disappears 1955, 27yo Burton Abbott accused .p188 . evidence found in Abbott's basement, grilled by Kelley, convicted 1956, executed 1957 .p188 . Kelley consulted for 1954 film [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rebel_Without_a_Cause | Rebel Without a Cause ]] .p191 . Kelley had two handguns and ammunition from the Berkeley Police, high quality locks on windows .p192 . Kelley spent his income, Dukie wanted to save instead. .p192 . striking house on Highgate road in Kensington, view of Alcatraz .p194 . TV chair, boxing matches, beer .p195 . often cooked challenging meals .p197 . risky driver, anger in family time -> "painful ember in his soul" .p197 . Kelley's mother June embittered, reared him never to feel satisfied .p198 . still upset that Nuremberg criminals not mentally ill or a "psychiatric type" .p198 . Dukie did her best, and Kelly knew that .p199 . argued in front of children .p199 . Dukie's father upset by her treatment, died of a stroke, blamed Kelley .p199 . unlike sunny novels of [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clarence_Day | Clarence Day ]] [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Life_with_Father | Life with Father 1935 ]] at PSU Lib, [[ https://gutenberg.net.au/ebooks06/0608341h.html | online ]] .p201 . son Doug tested and pushed continually .p202 . adolescent Doug rejected father's teaching, drank and smoked pot age 11 .p203 . Kelley did not show love to his children .p204 . Dukie told Doug that Kelley refused to seek help .p204 . "too prestigious" to be caught seeing a psychiatrist .p205 . Warned by Lewis Terman, physician Harry Borson, friend George Dreher .p206 . "I don't have to take this any more!" .p206 . '''Douglas Kelley Cyanide 1958 January 1, age 45''' .p208 . Berkeley Gazette: "Dr. Kelley once said that the professional life of a psychiatrist was about 15 years -- after that he either went crazy or committed suicide." really? .p213 . Dukie sold many exotic belongings ... oil refinery model kit .. but kept records, notes, and souvenirs from Nuremburg .p214 . 1961 family moved up the hill from Highgate road, better view, more light .p215 . Doug worked for USPS, co-worker Georgia Abbot, whose husband Burton murdered Stephanie Bryan and was sent to the electric chair, testimony by Douglas Kelley .p215 . George "Doc" Kelley practiced dentistry to age 91, died 1971, "outlived his son by nearly 14 years" .p217 . [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Hess | Rudolf Hess ]] suicide by self-strangulation in Spandau prison at age 93 .p218 . [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gustave_Gilbert | Gustave Gilbert ]] Rorshach tests contradicted Kelley, claimed Nuremberg prisoners antisocial, disinterested in the suffering of others. .p219 . [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molly_Harrower | Molly Harrower ]] blamed German fascism on susceptibility of normal people ... "It can happen here", echoing Kelley .p219 . Michael Selzer and Florence Miale ''The Nuremberg mind : the psychology of the Nazi leaders 1975'' (at PSU lib) .p221 . [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Brunner | José Brunner ]] suggested politicians, business leaders, artists, and others might share Nazi traits. Kelley would have agreed (?) .p221 . Long Island University psychologist [[ https://www.researchgate.net/scientific-contributions/Barry-A-Ritzler-3665595 | Barry Ritzler ]] 1978 found Nazi responses different from the norm, but not enough to be disordered .p221 . [[ https://www.vitals.com/doctors/reneau-kennedy-ir8qzp | Reneau Kennedy ]] discovered some of Kelley's records among [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Jacob_Beck | Samuel J. Beck's ]] archived papers, led to the most extensive review of Nazi Rorschach results. .p222 . The Quest for the Nazi Personality: A Psychological Investigation of Nazi War Criminals 1995 at PSU Library . many individuals participated in atrocities without diagnosable impairments .p222 . Ritzler, Harrower, Archer, and Zillmer on Kelley's side of the debatre .p223 . son Doug McGlashan inherited his father's records from Europe in the 1940s, and Donner Party artifacts .p223 . Doug kept his father's collection; he wants to know more.