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 .p094 1545 discovery of [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potos%C3%AD | Potosi silver ]]
 .p105 [[ | ]]
 .p106 [[ | ]]
 .p094 1545 discovery of [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potos%C3%AD | Potosi silver ]] 60,000 tonnes extracted, estimated 50,000 tonnes remaining
 .p104 Swedish inventor [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Polhem | Christopher Polhem ]] 1661-1751
 .p106 [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunstgraben | Kunstgraben ]] water channels fed water wheels from sources kilometers away

Under a Metal Sky

A Journey Through Minerals, Greed, And Wonder

  • Philip Marsden . 2024 . 549.09 MAR . Beaverton Library


Ammonite

1

1.

Ochre: An Introduction

5

2.

Tin

24

3.

Peat

41

4.

Bronze

67

5.

Silver

94

6.

Radium

127

7.

Aerolite

152

8.

Mercury

184

9.

Copper

213

10.

Gold

246

11.

Lithium: A Coda

277

Soil

283


  • p001 Introduction - Ammonite



.p024 Chapter 2 Tin

  • p025 Stanene zero resistance 2D tin surface (?)

  • p027 Beardies . bearded men?
  • p027 Wheal Jane is a disused tin mine near Baldhu and Chacewater in West Cornwall

  • p027 winze minor connection between mine levels

  • p027 drift, adit = horizontal tunnels
  • p027 stope open space after desired material removed

  • p027 Mexico Towans a sand dune

  • p028 Saint Ives Bakery

  • p030 James Forbes and Cornish tin mining - can't find 1794? 1983? citation
  • p032 casserite tin oxide mineral, SnO₂

  • p033 cow's tail line

  • p034 potholing, UK term for spelunking


  • p041 Chapter 3 Peat

  • p041 bog iron

  • p042 peat sorbent

  • p042 Bog butter

  • p043 anaerobic peat stops decay
  • p043 Lindow Man 2000 y.o. body from peat bog

  • p043 peatlands hold twice as much carbon as all the world's forests combined, release CO₂ when drained
  • p044 underground peat can burn for years. Forty billion tonnes of carbon in buried peat.
  • p048 Peat decay drops land level and damages farm soil on top
  • p057 Doggerland ~8000 BCE

  • p057 Storegga Slide huge submarine landslide west of Norway ~6200BCE, 20 meter tsunami

  • p057 By 2100, sea-level rise will approach early Holocene (about 60 meters)

    • <15m Miami, New Orleans, Boston, Seattle, Philadephia, Houston, New York

    • <30m Washington DC, San Francisco, Portland, San Jose

    • Los Angeles is 82m, Dallas 129m, Chicago 181m
  • p058 500K serfs built St. Petersburg Russia 1703 to 1712? 1762?, 30K to 100K died
  • p058 Federick the Great drained Oderbruch flood plain

  • p058 Mussolini (workers) drained the Pontine Marshes 80K hectares, 800km² coastal area southeast of Rome

  • p059 Saddam Hussein drained Marsh Arab marshes

  • p064 1953 Watersnoodramp storm surge floods killed thousands


  • p067 Chapter 4 Bronze

  • p067 Bronze 9 parts copper and one part tin at 1000℃

  • p068 Oxidized bronze turns green, but does not degrade like iron
  • p071 bronze hoards buried, speculations about "seeding" bronze creation
  • p074 Seestern barge on the Rhine, carrying 800 tonnes of building steel

  • p078 Nebra Sky Disk, Pleiades and Moon represent planting time (?)

  • p078 outer 82 degree bands signified solstice angles? no, that is ±23 degrees
  • p079 sun-ship?

  • p080 Bronze Age: the wheel, writing, legal codes, and civil administration
  • p080 domestic chicken Gallus gallus domesticus originated in China 8000 years ago

    • hens lay 500-600 eggs in a lifetime, some breeds 800, all time record 1444 eggs. Culled after 12 to 18 months as production declines
  • p081 normal marine convention is passing port (left) side to port side; upper Rhine upstream traffic passes on inner bend
  • p082 Onedin Line BBC TV 1971-80 about 1880-86 Liverpool shipping company

  • p082 Prewar Seestern was barge pushed by tugboats

  • p084 320 MW gas fired Hermann Wenzel Power Station near Duisberg

  • p084 50 billion tonnes of sand and gravel annual production, mostly for concrete
  • p092 803m Mittelberg mountain in Thuringia

  • p092 Mittelberg sky disk



  • p127 Chapter 6 Radium

  • p128

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  • p152 Chapter 7 Aerolite

  • p153

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  • p166

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  • p184 Chapter 8 Mercury

  • p189

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  • p213 Chapter 9 Copper

  • p213

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  • p234

  • p236

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  • p246 Chapter 10 Gold

  • p246

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  • p277 Chapter 11 Lithium: A Coda

  • p278

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  • p283 Soil

  • p283

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  • p288


MetalSky (last edited 2026-05-01 23:39:43 by KeithLofstrom)