Rocket Dreams

Musk, Bezos, and the Inside Story of the New, Trillion Dollar Space Race

Part I: Earth, 2016-2018

.p039 "Mars as Musk imagined it could be transformed: an Earth-like planet of blues and greens, even clouds, budding with life."

.Illumination inverse-square function of distance, black body temperature inverse 4th power of energy flux, hence temperature inverse-square-root of distance. The Earth's black body temperature is 255K; it is warmer at the surface because Earth's thick insulating atmosphere, 287K.

.Mars distance varies from 1.666 AU to 1.381 AU, hence top-of-atmosphere temperature will range from 255K/sqrt(1.666) to 255K/sqrt(1.381) or 198K to 229K, -75C to -44C. Those cold temperatures are why Mars retains its 0.6% earth pressure CO₂ atmosphere. A somehow-heated-to temperate atmosphere of lighter-molecule O₂/N₂ gas would soon boil away in the shallow (14% escape energy) gravity well of Mars.

.Bezos is correct. Musk is smoking rope (or investor hopes and money).

Part II: Earth Orbit, 2018-2020

Part III: Beyond, 2020-2025