The Devil in the Stack
Andrew Smith . August 2024 . Beaverton Lib. 005.1 SMI
British-born 1961 Andrew Smith website
My first glance at this book was off-putting - I somehow got the idea that the author thought perjoratively about programmers and technologists. The book is actually a journalist making a deep and sincere dive into software, the communities of people who create and maintain it, and how they think about it.
pXI Prologue, 2013 and Bitcoin , pseudonymous creator Satoshi Nakamoto
- pXIII Bitcoin uses C++
pXIV Bitcoin exegesis: Satoshi not C++ native, learned to code in 1980s, mixed US/British spellings
pXV Russian(s)? Vladislav Surkov? Putin’s Rasputinreflexive control
pXXVIII TV shows Silicon ValleyMr. RobotRussian Doll 10Xer 5% women 3% black
pXXVIII Facebook Myanmar genocideIndiaSri Lanka
p001 Ch.01 Revenge of the SpaghettiOs
- p001 1700 to 9000 programming languages
p002 freeCodeCamp 2014 Quincy Larson
p002 trio of web languages: HTML CSS JavaScript
- p003 shift-devil: dash that should have been underscore
p005 Pascal case Camel case
p005 lorem ipsum
- p007 programming is never easy ... accept that feeling -- of being constantly wrong and not knowing
- p008 ... exposes me as probably no smarter than an economist.
p0011 Gerald Weinberg The Psychology of Computer Programming
p013 Ch.02 Holy Grail
p016 Bloomberg essay What is code?
p018 Nicholas Tollervey Don't let anyone tell you code is not political
p018 Zen of Python
- p019 There should be one - and preferably only one - obvious way to do it. Although that way may not be obvious at first unless you're Dutch.
p021 Ch.03 PyLadies and Code Freaks
p021 Young travelmate Alex, maintains websites using the Django web framework (like MoinMoin, coded in Python)
p022 Author's new home in Marin, where crimes are harshing a mellow without a license, and gluten smuggling
p022 ecstatic dance group ... sensei
p025 Naomi Ceder
p027 Recurse center in Brooklyn, phrase "well actually" banned
p027 San Quentin The Last Mile
p028 Bikeshedding
p028 bike shedding yak shaving
p030 PyLadies
p036 Lynn Root painting charity-auctioned for $16, $32, $64 ... $512 ... $1410 !!
p038 Ch.04 Minutely Organized Particulars
p046 Ch.05 The Real Moriarty
p059 Great Hunger 1845-1852
- homeless in the streets while academics and church elders dined luxuriously
.p066 Ch.06 The New Mind Readers
- p067 Post-Brexit Überschwemmung (flooding, presumably of coders from England to the continent)
p068 Anti-immigration riots in Chemnitz 2018
p068 2018 Google data breach private data of 500,000 uw34w
p070 Dr. Janet Siegmund learning coder brain scans
p070 programming education high drop out rate (50% is "astronomical?" Higher for Medicine, Engineering, Architecture, Law, and Accounting)
p072 André Brechmann Combinatorial NeuroImaging, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg
p073 Java -> Python Norman Peitek
p073 artHOTEL Magdeburg
- p075 axon transmission rate 50% ??
- p078 computer code comprehension activates brain areas for working memory, problem-solving, and language processing, left hemisphere for most right-handers
- same areas for natural language and general analytical processing
- no left hemisphere for mathematical thinking
- p078 Dijkstra "An exceptionally good mastery of one's native tongue is the most vital asset for a competent programmer."
- p079 "...some computer science students are hardly able to talk, to form whole sentences when they come to us/"
- p079 "... you can't train them. All you can do is find them and let them loose"
- p081 "Homework ... was to memorize the assigned program ... to write it out perfectly."
- p081 "... this is how we acquire language"
p082 Gerald Weinberg The psychology of computer programming an approach that works for one person may not work for another
p082 Russell A. Poldrack The New Mind Readers Central 616.07548 P7629n 2018
p084 Ch.07 Theories of Memory
p085 Bletchley Park
- "Auntie Flo is not so well" message summoned 200 code breakers, 10,000 by war's end, 75% women
p087 Lorenz cipher, Tunny, Tunafish, intercepts called "fish"
p087 Turingery
p088 Turing machine "universal computing machine"
p089 John von Neumann
- OCD, drawers and light switches flips
p093 "dissembling"?? movie The Imitation Game
p093 not Turing's, but Max Newman's design, nicknamed Heath Robinson
p093 Colossus Tommy Flowers 1500? 1800? vacuum tubes
- p094 paper tape input, 5000 characters per second, programmed with a switchboard in front and a plugboard in back
p095 In 2009 Benjamin Wells hypothesized a cluster of 10 Mk II machines would have been Turing complete
- p095 Confirmed that Hitler expected D-Day landings at Calais rather than Normandy, so Eisenhower launched D-Day the next day. Colossus shortened the war by years and countless lives.
p096 Oswald Veblen nephew of Thorstein Veblen
p096 Artillery range table computation on ENIAC at University of Pennsylvania Moore School of Electrical Engineering
- p096 Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer 17K vacuum tubes, thirty tons, Turing Complete
p096 Adele Goldstine project administrator
- p098 exemplar professional and mother, daughter Marina
- p098 Programming took weeks, plugboard cabling and 4000 ten-position switches
- p099 six programmers learned ENIAC using the schematics, and diagnosed troubles to individual vacuum tubes
- p100 subroutines. nesting, loops
- p101 ENIAC 1945 December modelling thermonuclear explosion, one month, one million punch cards
p101 Stan Ulam
p105 UNIVAC for United States Census Bureau in 1951
- p110 author's 32 GB laptop
p111 Charles Petzoldwebsite Code: The Hidden Language of Computer Hardware and Software Beaverton 004 PET 2023
p112 Konrad Zuse
p113 Robert C. Martin born 1952 2016 The Future of Programming
- two major hardware transformations since 1950s, no radical advances in software writing technology
- p153 "What happened? ... first 1970 job 24 programmers 30-40yo half women, 1980 50 programmers 20-30yo, 3 women
p114 Julian Bigelow Theories of Memory (essay? where?), history of the IAS project
- p115 von Neumann bottleneck, instructions and memory in time series are slower
- p116 von Neumann, we are "creating a monster"
p117 German Navy Enigma 4th rotor in 1942, Dieppe raid (overseen by Ian Fleming) ... attempt to capture codebook?
p118 Tony Sale model Colossus at National Museum of Computing
p126 Ch.08 Hilarity Ensues
p126 Lecture by Thomas Baldwin about Satre'sBeing and Nothingness
p127 UK education minister Jo Johnson UK university lectures "highly variable"
p127 daughter bored by PowerPoint lectures, enjoyed "just spoke" lecture
p137 Diane Chen DjangoGirls
- p139 Android/Perl meeting unfriendly, Python nice . 1984 women 40% of CS degrees, 2015 5% of CS degrees
- p140 80's 90's men respected woman's ability and experience, in 2013 felt threatened, excluded and failed women
p140 1969, Grace Hopper was Data Processing Management Association first "Man of the Year"
p143 Dallis Perry William M. Cannon A vocational interest scale for computer programmers 1966
- coding competence, one striking characteristic:disinterest in people.
- p147 Carnegie Mellon: men loved to hack, women motivated by purpose, involvement collapsed to 5% in 2015
p148 2017 Google memo from senior engineer James Damore women ...evolved ... inferior at ... programming
p150 2017 GitHub study: women's work accepted less often if gender revealed, more often if it isn't
p152 Charlton D. McIlwain book Black Software CMill 302.23089 MCILWAIN
p154 Stanford 17% undergraduates from top 1%, 52% from top 10% (34% from bottom 80%)
- more interesting: later in life, avg. income of poor student 74th percentile, rich student 79th percentile, showing regression to the mean.
p155 UC Berkeley 3.8% from top 1%, 38% from top 10% (46% from bottom 80%)
- later in life, avg income of poor student 70th percentile, rich student 75th percentile, similar regression to the mean
- book quotes "bottom 60% of students" ... not
p156 Prof. Sarah Jane Blakemore Inventing Ourselves: The Secret Life of the Teenage Brain Bvtn 155.5 BLA
- p159 "Computers are useless. They can only give you answers." Pablo Picasso - - "Oh yeah? Try debugging one.' Me
p159 Ch.09 Catch 32
p165 "if you can understand the tutorial ..." ??? GitHub isn't a tutorial, it is fragments of projects
p166 "The German government trusts GitHub with the text of its federal laws"
- p166 ... almost never got hacked? No ... a "gigantic Asian country" makes unauthorized changes, others revert them
p167 ESR activist of #MeToo-bashing libertarian right. reddit "libertarian" babble about !MeToo
- This sentence is ad hominem "slander" (well, ignorant impoliteness). ESR is well known. He also has cerebral palsy (like my sister) and will (rarely) "compensate" with "power talk" (like my sister). ESR is very much worth listening to the other 99.9% of the time. Eric's wife Cathy is a lawyer, and he respects her opinions and feelings. Andrew Smith should read "I Used to Like You Until... : How Binary Thinking Divides Us" by Kat Timpf, and other recent books about seeing others without divisive partisan prejudice. I will suggest the same book to ESR, mostly because Timpf "does Libertarian" with panache.
p169 Airplane hijacking injector 1972
p169 Sanitary appliance for birds 1956 US, not GB in book
p175 Richard Stallman free software movement 1983
rabbit hole tunnel to Jeffrey Epstein and Marvin Minsky
p176 Stephen Levy's 2010 Hackers 2010 RMS: "I'm the last survivor of a dead culture and I don't really belong in the world anymore ... and in some ways I feel I ought to be dead."
p179 Jay Hanlon Stack Overflow
- p179 Facebook wind turbine for psychosis, Stack Overflow channels generosity
- p184 Ch.10 A Kind of Gentleness
p187 sealioning time wasting attacks on projects and coders
- p187 Walrus Operator := Python assignment operator as part of a larger expression ... inside if statement?
p190 Hacker Newsmoderator Anna Wiener memoir Beaverton 338.476 WIE
- author note : The classic Lisp text is Daniel Friedman's "The Little Schemer". MIT Press 1996
- p192 "If these kids are so smart, why are they poor?"
p193 embarassing Zuckerberg messages They trust me, dumb fucks (in 2005, quoted 2010)
- p193 curiousity ... needs a kind of gentleness
- p197 author's neighbor Sagar builds stuff ... stop him and he turns back into a frog.
- p198 as small child, took apart grandmother's vacuum cleaner, put it back together
p199 Twin Oaks Commune rural central Virginia
p204 SUnit unit testing framework framework Ward C notes
- p205 no functional code written until a true/false test exists
p205 PyTest unit testing framework
p205 PyWeek
- p210 death and taxes and doubtful dependencies
p210 FAANG Stocks Facebook, Amazon, Apple, Netflix, and Google
p213 Ch.11 The Gun on the Mantlepiece
- p213 Guido van Rossum retires as BDFL age 63, 2019 ??b1956??
p226 Ee Durbin Ernest: Pac-Man rule, always leave room for another to join a hallway discussion
p226 PyCon t-shirt sheerer than usual, don't burn bra
p229 San Quentin The Last Mile
p236 Ch.12 Code Rush
p236 "Everybody is a genius. But if you judge a fish by its ability to climb a tree, it will live its whole life believing that it is stupid" incorrectly attributed to Albert Einstein
p237 Wolf nee. Scott Collins "programming in Python is like coming home to a puppy"
p239 Code Rush 2000 documentary
p239 book Totally Wired: The Rise and Fall of Josh Harris and the Great Dotcom Swindle
- p240 Wolf age 14 fixing computers for local businesses $50/hr
p241 notes Freeing the Source: The Story of Mozilla 1999
- p242 programmers expected to change jobs every two years
p244 https://www.generalmagicthemovie.com/ DVD? no nearby libraries
p244 Andy Rubin founded Android Inc in 2003
p245 Steve Wozniak said 2013 Jobs movie was great but inaccurate,"debate" with director Aaron Sorkin
p246 General MagicAndy Hertzfeld title "Software Wizard"
p247 HarvardsHoward Gardner multiple intelligences book PSU BF431.G244 1983
- p248 Hertzfeld: Zuckerberg insincere, not willing to trade profit for better user experience
- p249 Hertzfeld favorite language Python
- p250 Guido bio, p251 probably autism spectrum
- p251 "master slave" language war, traces to electrical engineering 1904, some suggest controller/responder
- (how about lead and follow for flipflops)
p254 Larry Wall
- p255 TIMTOWTDINDVINBYE Tim Toady Bicarbonate: There Is More Than One Way To Do It But Sometimes Consistency Is Not A Bad Thing Either
- p255 about American football "any sport requiring so much padding has yet to arrive at an appropriate set of rules"
- p256 Wall studied music, chemistry, pre-med, joined NASA. evangelical Church of the Nazarene, accepts evolution
- p257 modernism has simply replaced well-defined old rules with opaque new ones. Modernism is disruptive and inhumane
- p258 Perl's priority ... individual freedom. Javascript same
- p259 ramble about Modernism/Postmodernism
- p260 after Programming Perl book, Perl 6 became an art project
p260 Henry Spencer likened Perl to a "Swiss Army chainsaw". Smith's note points to jargon file at catb.org
- p263 Guido "... using computers for social interaction to the extend that we are now? It never occured to me."
- p263 trio: gift for coding, also connected, empathetic, curious, fully rounded, exude gentleness
- p264 code savant stereotype ... bad, potentially dangerous coder.
p265 Ch.13 Enter the Frankenalgorithm
p265 2018 March 18, self-driving Volvo prototype (driver playing with phone) fails to recognize cyclist with shopping bags, Elaine Herzberg 49 yo struck and killed
p266 2018 October 28, Lion Air Flight 610 737 Max 8stalls and crashes in Java Sea.
New Maneuvering Characteristics Augmentation System added to kludge behavior of re-engined aircraft to mimic prior version so certification and pilot retraining could be avoided. Instead, software and pilots failed, killing 181 passengers and 8 crew.
- Boeing "teabagged" the bottom line
"teabag" refers to a variation of fellatio, what the fuck (obscene phrase matching obscene verb) was author Smith thinking? In a library book sold to public libraries used by children, no less. Ah well, perhaps the kids already "teabag" and I'm behind the times.
p268 Weapons of Math Destruction 2016 by Cathy O'Neil 1972 https://mathbabe.org WCCLS Tigard, not Beaverton
p268 Virginia Eubanks Automating Inequality 2018 Cmill/Tigd 362.5 EUBANKS
p268 Safiya Noble Algorithms of Oppression 2018 Bvtn 025.0425 NOB
- from notes and sources: A slew of books on algorithmic bias: Add to these Kyle Chayka's estimable Filterworld: How Algorithms Flattened Culture (2024). In fact, this topic has continued to be lavishly explored: see also More Than a Glitch by the NYU algorithmic bias researcher Meredith Broussard, from 2023, or an excellent interview with her in MIT Technology Review, March 10, 2023, entitled "Meet the AI expert who says we should stop using AI so much: Meredith Broussard argues that the application of AI to deep-rooted social problems is already producing disastrous results."
- p269 Students . . . marked down for having the temerity not to go to a fee-paying school
p269 AI Incident Database
p269 MIT Technology Review 2021/02/11 Auditors are testing hiring algorithms for bias, but there’s no easy fix
- p271 "AI" means "machine learning, writing their own code to match a model, "autocomplete on steroids"
p272 humans and animals use transfer learning, analogizing in physical world, machines don't come close.
p273 2010 Flash Crash
p273 Abrupt rise of new machine ecology beyond human response time Neil Johnson 2013
- p274 Johnson's Facebook fact-finding experiments - "I've had my accounts blocked four times.
p275 Emergence of Extreme Subpopulations from Common Information and Likely Enhancement from Future Bonding Algorithms Johnson et. al 2019
- p275 Crazy pricing on Amazon, i.e. luxury yarn for $40,000
p276 George Dyson multicellular digital algorithms, Ashby's Law, control system as complex as the system itself run into a fire truck because we forgot to put it into the model.
- p277 2021, Tesla, Uber, Zoox "not in the time frame we anticipate"
p278 Toby Walsh UNSW "no one knows how to write a piece of code to recognize a stop sign"
p281 NYT Dec 2020 "Police Drones Are Starting to Think for Themselves"
p282 Pentagon Project Maven Google employees protested and resigned, management did not renew contract, published a code of ethics. Amazon and Microsoft continued with Maven.
p283 Lilly Irani at UCSD, info at speed of light, no human oversight. Technical discussions avoid moral responsibility
p285 Gene Spafford: tech companies should be responsible for product actions, not merely lines of code
- p286 What's the most extreme possible system behavior?
p287 Ch.14 Algorave?
p288 Code For America Jennifer Pahlka Ted Talk Recoding America
p288 Obama's deputy chief Technology Officer United States Digital Service
p289 Open Oakland
p296 TOPLAP Alex McLean
p298 TidalCycle Haskell Sonic Pi based on Ruby
p298 Shelly Knotts
p300 Ch.15 A Codemy of Errors
p304 Michael PraetoriusCarlo Gesualdo d 1613Tenebrae Responsoria https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=__ydAZKJgk0
p305 University of Leicester (not Leicester University) Ryan KirkbrideFoxDot
p306 Python venv virtual environment , project plus specific python version and environment
p307 Python 2 vs Python 3
p308 PyPIPython Package Index "Cheese Shop"
p311 SC3 music programming language
p314 Docker WP article free and premium tiers
p320 Ch.16 Do Algos Dream of Numeric Sheep?: An AI Suite
p322 Foo Camp
p324 Google Grants?
p325 protein folding
p325 Walter Pater 1888 "All art constantly aspires towards the condition of music"
p326 Andy Rubin sexual harassment allegations 2018 Google walkouts
p327 Timnit Gebru AI ethicist
p327 Joseph Weizenbaum ELIZA 1964-1967, re Google LaMDA
p328 Computer Power and Human Reason : from judgment to calculation 1976
- p328 "ocean of electricity" ... no cite or quantification. I'm an engineer; I can't start to fix it without a good idea of what I am fixing
p329 2022 November OpenAI ChatGPT
- p330 DBEUEBOCABAY debby eubocabay: Don't Be Evil Unless Evil Buys Our CEO A Big-Ass Yacht
p331 Jedi Blue is an agreement between Alphabet and Meta Platforms that allegedly gave Facebook an illegal advantage in Google's ad auctions in exchange for Facebook's word that it would end its own ad service plans.
p331 Martin Casado (not "Cassado sic) "The brain drain at Google right now is astonishing. What the hell is going on over there ... ?"
p331 Ray Kurzweil
WorldCat WCCLS 8 copies 153.9 KUR BVT TIG 612.82 WS CMill
p332 Sherry Turkle, The Second Self: Computers and the Human Spirit PSU
p332 Robert Geraci analogies to apocalyptic Christian sects Apocalyptic AI: Visions of Heaven in Robotics, Artificial Intelligence and Virtual Reality 2010 only Lewis&Clark Watzek
p332 Franklin Foer World without Mind 2017 Aloha 303.483 FOER
p333 Justin Rattner former Intel Labs director
p335 Jack Good called analog computing continuous computing
p335 Martyn Amos 2006 or 2007 (not 2008) Genesis Machines: The New Science of Biocomputing no local libraries
p336 Lee Cronin Google are librarians ... that's all.
- p336 ... data processing universe is crap ... no AGI from classical digital computers
- p337 Minsky 1970 3-8 years to human level AGI; read Shakespeare, grease a car ...
p338 Gary Markus
p338 Judea Pearl
p339 Nautilus, "Why AI Lags Behind the Human Brain," issue 41, 2021 David Beniaguev
p340 Ryan Calo UW Law
p341 Dragonfly, Google's censored search engine for China
- p347 disses Reason
p348 Tom Griffiths 2016 Algorithms to Live By: The Computer Science of Human Decisions Bvtn 153.43 CHR
p348 love irrationally is essential. Delroy L. Paulhus Dark Tetrad
- p349 Google more rigor? "... definitely more crazy ... disagreement from zero to a hundred in seconds, everyone shouting"
p349 Hanna Gadsby (they) autistic
- p349 Aspergers advantage? "my friend: must be, everyone on my team has it"
p349 Steve Silberman 2015 NeuroTribes: the legacy of autism and the future of neurodiversity
p350 Simon Baron-Cohen 2020 The pattern seekers : how autism drives human invention
p351 Simon Baron-Cohen ] 2003 [[ https://search.worldcat.org/title/56326747 more common in males
p353 Evelina Fedorenko Anna Ivanova cognitive scientists
p354 Shash Srikant hash functions help for Smith
- p354 Evelina Fedorenko: Left hemisphere language processing area exact location varies
p356 Sven Apel Educates students in English and German; some are hardly able to talk.
p357 Iain !McGilchrist website 2019 The Master and his Emissary: The Divided Brain and the Making of the Western World 2019 PSU, Lewis&Clark
p359 McGilchrist The Matter With Things
p362 bluebelly
p363 McGilchrist "left hemisphere" focused, abstract; right hemisphere generalist, global
p365 diss mechanistic Gazzaniga instead Louis Sass
p365 V. S. Ramachandran "drift towards McGilcrist"
- p366 Most people hold babies head cradled to left, left(?) eye most engaged (to right hemisphere seat of empathy)???
p368 Anna Wiener New Yorker (paywall) The Lonely Work of Moderating Hacker News
- performative erudition etc,
- p369 code a Zuckerberg creates ... impels us to be more like him
p373 Tripp Mickle 2022 After Steve: how Apple became a trillion-dollar company and lost its soul Bvtn 338.761 MIC
p374 Thiel vs Musk
.p375 Ch.17 Apologies to Richard Feynman
p375 Code For America in San Francisco
p377 Kengo Yoshii shows Tokyo COVID dashboard
p377 Josh Freivogel
p379 Figma interface design tool
p379 JSON JavaScript Object Notation
p380 if you are a beginner and think you understand GitHub, you don't understand GitHub
p381 Jacob Stopak article Boost Your Programming Skills by Reading Git's Code
p382 Git arranges versions into a tree, recording evolution and allowing rollbaack
p385 Ray Johns Article ten question quiz??? probably paywalled on Medium
p386 pyenv-virtualenv
p387 Type Annotation
p388 Karl Ove Knausgård "No, writing is easy: getting to a place where you can write is hard
p389 Dorothy Parker I like having written
p392 Ch.18 A Cloud Lifts
p393 ... the logic of classical computing ... Here would be a problem on the scale of the climate crisis, with no straightforward solution, the only considered response to which would be terror. Start looking for signs of such a phenomenon aid you'll think you see them everywhere.
That statement may explain the author's obsession with the flaws of software personalities. Open source software creators are visible; bricklayers and chefs and farmers and power engineers and countless other essential providers are not, and can be MUCH crazier. Author biting the hands that feeds him, all the way up to the elbow, rather than guiding and collaborating with the imperfect people that keep him alive.
- p394-5 Coders have taught me better ways to approach difficulty ... This is a powerful feeling, for which I am inexpressively grateful.
- try expressing more gratitude, and less personality analysis.
p395 SuperCollider
p395 SC3 SuperCollider Library for Python
- p396 "psychocode" code that emulates the behavior of a psychopath (except crippled, blind, and often escapable). My pet peeve is code that fails to do what I tell it to do (like modern "push engines" that replaced responsive search ... and will soon be replaced by community/open-source alternatives)
- p397 "this is a fight we must win" What you mean "we", white man?
p397 high salary: <- lack of competition, scarcity
p399 Joe Morgan Slate I'm a Developer. I Won't Teach My Kids to Code, and Neither Should You
p401 Alan Kay perspective is worth eighty IQ points
p402 Brett Cannon Python/Microsoft: "hire people who are good people"
p403 Uber's criminality
p403 Isness-D
p405 Ch.19 Strange Loops and Abstractions: The Devil in the Stack
p405 Douglas Hofstadter born 1945 Godel Escher Bach pub 1979
- Young and fearless?
- Early 30s is young?
Fearless? When Douglas was very young, he was very frightened of death. His physicist father reassured him with the likelihood of continued survival in a parallel universe. Later, Douglas learned that parallel universes weren't likely, and went catatonic with fear for a while. (I was told this by a close college friend).
- Perhaps that brush with "meta-death" convinced him that life is short; if he hoped to create work as brilliant as his Nobel-Prize-winning father, he should start early and work hard at it.
- p405 strange loops : compact recursive loops Hofstader
- p406 "Content is inseparable from form" Hofstader
p407 John M. Culkin
p408 Russian oligarchs Hillsb/Tigard
- p409 the message of code is abstraction
- p410 python source to machine code process
- p411 ordinary investors patsies
- p412 abstraction is alienation (?)
p413 Neil Johnson new science of worst possible outcomes
- p414 call it machine learning, not AI
- p414 machine learning should be licensed (by who)
- p414 racist law enforcement algorithms
p415 Nir Eyal Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products 2014 Bvtn 658.575 EYA
- p416 As intense as auto/oil industry war on climate change
p421 Select Bibliography
- Copeland, Jack: Colossus: The Secrets of Bletchley Park's Codebreaking Computers. 2006
McGilchrist, Ian: The Matter with Things: Our Brains, Our Delusions, and the Unmaking of the Western World. 2021
- p41