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 .p019 [[ | thylakoids ]]
 .p019 [[ | stroma ]]
 .p019 [[ | pyrenoids ]]
 .p019 [[ | phycobilin ]]
 .p019 [[ | carotines ]]
 .p019 [[ | xanthrophyl ]]
 .p019 [[ | ]]
 .p019 [[ | ]]
 .p021 [[ | ]]
 .p023 [[ | ]]
 .p023 [[ | ]]
 .p024 [[ | ]]
 .p026 [[ | ]]
 .p019 [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thylakoid | thylakoids ]] membrane-bound compartments inside [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloroplast | chloroplasts ]] and [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyanobacteria | cyanobacteria ]]
 .p019 [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stroma_(tissue) | stroma ]]
 .p019 [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyrenoid | pyrenoids ]]
 .p019 [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phycobilin | phycobilin ]]
 .p019 [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carotene | carotenes ]] absorb UV, violet, and blue light
 .p019 [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xanthophyll | xanthrophyll ]] yellow pigments
 .p019 Sun vertical, 2% light reflection, near horizon 90% reflection
 .p021 [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humic_substance | humic acids ]]
 .p021 [[ https://miwer.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/Lund-Ryder-1997.pdf | gilvin ]] colored humic substances
 .p023 depth d at which lowered white disk disappears
 .p023 surface inhibition, light too intense for phytoplankton
 .p024 continuous sunlight and prolonged calm injures Arctic phytoplankton and inhibits photosynthesis
 .p026 [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epilimnion | epilimnion ]] surface layer [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypolimnion | hypolimnion ]] [[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermocline | metalimnion ]]
  • wiki.keithl.com/Phytoplankton

Phytoplankton Books


Algal Cultures and Phytoplankton Ecology


  • Phytoplankton 2nd Ed 1989 - Arthur Donald Boney Emeritus Professor of Botany University of Glasgow

    • PSU QK933.B66 1989
  • pelagic zone: water column of the open ocean
  • p001 thallus, no organization into tissues such as vascular structure

  • p001 all algae contain chlorophyll a, a poor absorber of green light

  • p003 Red tides toxic dinoflagellates

  • p013 coccolith plates of calcium carbonate, perhaps protective against predation

  • p016 Primary production autotroph produces own food heterotroph consumes producers

  • p017 Global primary production 1.4e14 to 1.8e14 kg/year dry matter, oceans only 35% of the total
    • why not 70%, proportional to ocean/land ratio? If land production remained the same, the total land plus ocean productivity could increase by a factor of 2.16 ... and that's before improving predation resistance and engineering new photosynthetic processes.

  • p018 PAR Photosynthetically active radiation

  • p018 Clear winter's day light intensity 20% of summer, 10% with clouds
  • p019 thylakoids membrane-bound compartments inside chloroplasts and cyanobacteria

  • p019 stroma

  • p019 pyrenoids

  • p019 phycobilin

  • p019 carotenes absorb UV, violet, and blue light

  • p019 xanthrophyll yellow pigments

  • p019 Sun vertical, 2% light reflection, near horizon 90% reflection
  • p021 humic acids

  • p021 gilvin colored humic substances

  • p023 depth d at which lowered white disk disappears
  • p023 surface inhibition, light too intense for phytoplankton
  • p024 continuous sunlight and prolonged calm injures Arctic phytoplankton and inhibits photosynthesis
  • p026 epilimnion surface layer hypolimnion metalimnion

  • p026

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  • p079

  • p094 Measuring Primary Productivity
  • p0

  • p105


Phytoplankton Productivity

Carbon assimilation in marine and freshwater ecosystems

  • P.J. le B. Williams, D.N. Thomas, C.S. Reynolds . . PSU QK933 .P52 2002
  • p073 ref

  • p086

  • p109

  • p111

  • p156

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  • p161

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  • p170

    • plate 7.1 Global annual net primary production
  • p182 ref

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  • p316 ref

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  • p325

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  • p374 ref78 natur
  • p375

  • p375

Phytoplankton (last edited 2026-01-03 23:06:47 by KeithLofstrom)